All UX laws

Design every state

Loading, empty, error and success each need a deliberate design.

How to apply it

Never ship a screen with only its data-full state designed.

Practise it on a real challenge

Match each AI feature state to the right treatment

Teams design the AI's 'here's your answer' state and forget generating, empty, and failure — the states users actually get stuck in.

Support Agent — Incorrect Refund

An automated agent issues the wrong refund and leaves no clear route to correct it.

AI Generator — No Error or Empty State

An AI generation feature only designed its success state — failures and waits look broken.

More UX laws

  • 60-30-10 Rule
  • 8-pt Spacing Scale
  • Accessible contrast
  • Aesthetic-Usability Effect
  • Alignment Principle
  • Calibrated Trust
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